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Friends today we will talk about The changes that happened to UK one penny from 1900 – 2000
It is also the history of Great Britain
The different types and different portraits of Victoria Empress in 1900 – King Edward in 1910 – King George V in 1936 and King George VI in 1950 – Queen Elizabeth II in 1955 and Fourth Portrait in 2000
Come let us start!
UK followed Non-decimal Currency system till 1970.
4 Farthing = 1 Penny
12 Pence = 1 Shilling
5 Shillings = 1 Crown
20 Shillings = 1 Pound
Let us first look into the details one penny in the begining of twentyth century. 1 Penny - Victoria (3rd portrait) was in use from 1895 to 1901, The material was Bronze of weight 9.45 grams and diameter 30.8 mm, The observe side of the coin depicts Older crowned and veiled portrait of Queen Victoria facing left. Legend around means Victoria by the Grace of God Queen of the Britain Defender of the Faith Empress of India! Reverse Side Seated figure of Britannia right, with trident in left hand and shield bearing the Union flag in right, sea behind with lighthouse to left, denomination above and date in exergue.
Following the death of Victoria Epress, King Edaward VII came into power.
1 Penny - Edward VII was in use from 1901 to 1910
The material was Bronze of weight 9.45 grams and diameter 30.8 mm
The observe side of the coin depicts Uncrowned portrait of King Edward VII facing right. Legend around means Edward the Seventh by the Grace of God King of all the Britains Defender of the Faith Emperor of India! Reverse Side Seated figure of Britannia right, with trident in left hand and shield bearing the Union flag in right, sea behind with lighthouse to left, denomination above and date in exergue.
In 1911 King George V became the ruler and the coin also changed.
1 Penny - George V was in use from 1911 to 1936 , The material was Bronze of weight 9.45 grams and diameter 30.8 mm
The observe side of the coin depicts Uncrowned portrait of King George V facing left. George the Fifth by the Grace of God King of all the Britains Defender of the Faith Emperor of India! Reverse Side Seated figure of Britannia right, with trident in left hand and shield bearing the Union flag in right, sea behind with lighthouse to left, denomination above and date in exergue.
1 Penny - George VI was in use from 1937 to 1948, The material was Bronze of weight 9.45 grams and diameter 30.8 mm
The observe side of the coin George the Fifth by the Grace of God King of all the Britons Defender of the Faith Emperor of India! Seated figure of Britannia right, with trident in left hand and shield bearing the Union flag in right, sea behind with lighthouse to left, denomination above and date in exergue.
In 1954 the lates ruler Queen Elizabeth II became ruler of England! The observe portrait changed, but other details remained same.
1 Penny - Elizabeth II (1st portrait; without 'BRITT:OMN') 1954-1970, The material is Bronze of weight 9.45 grams and diameter 30.8 mm
The observe side of the coin reads Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). Seated figure of Britannia right, with trident in left hand and shield bearing the Union flag in right, sea behind with lighthouse to left, denomination above and date in exergue.
In 1971 the United Kingdom Pound sterling become decimalized, from 1971 onwards 100 Pence = 1 Pound system introduced. The penny became New Penny and the size reduced! Let us see the decimalized Pound sterling
1 New Penny - Elizabeth II 2nd portrait from 1971-1981, 3.56 grams of Bronze and Diameter 20.3 mm reduced. The observe is Second crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II facing right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland Tiara, legend around means Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). A crowned portcullis with chains (an adaptation of the Badge of Henry VII which is now the Badge of the Palace of Westminster) and the face value, One
NEW PENNY
1 Penny - Elizabeth II (3rd portrait; non-magnetic) from 1985 to 1992, 3.56 grams of Bronze and Diameter 20.3 mm. The observe side of the coin Second crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II facing right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland Tiara, legend around. Lettering means Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). Reverse, A crowned portcullis with chains (an adaptation of the Badge of Henry VII which is now the Badge of the Palace of Westminster) and the face value. NEW PENNY, 1
In 1992 the bronze gave way to Copper Plated Steel
The Coin metal changed from
Bronze to
Copper Plated Steel
1 Penny - Elizabeth II (3rd portrait; non-magnetic) from 1992 to 1997, 3.56 grams of Copper plated steel and Diameter 20.3 mm. Only material changed, coin remain almost same. The observe side of the coin Second crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II facing right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland Tiara, legend around. Lettering means Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). Reverse, A crowned portcullis with chains (an adaptation of the Badge of Henry VII which is now the Badge of the Palace of Westminster) and the face value. NEW PENNY, 1
1 Penny - Elizabeth II (3rd portrait; non-magnetic) from 1998 to 2008, 3.56 grams of Copper plated steel and Diameter 20.3 mm. The Queens Portrait changed. The observe side of the coin Second crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II facing right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland Tiara, legend around. Lettering means Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). Reverse, A crowned portcullis with chains (an adaptation of the Badge of Henry VII which is now the Badge of the Palace of Westminster) and the face value. One Penny
1 Penny - Elizabeth II (3rd portrait; non-magnetic) from 2008 to 2015, 3.56 grams of Copper plated steel and Diameter 20.3 mm. The Reverse Side changed. The observe Fourth crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland tiara, legend around reads Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God Queen Defender of the Faith (Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensatrix). Reverse, Left part of Royal Shield, denomination in left segment.) and the face value. One Penny.
We have seen the huge changes that happened to British Penny over 100 years!
The portrait changed from Victoria Queen to Victoria Empress in 1880 to – king Edward in 1901 to King George V in 1911 – to King George VI in 1938 and then to Queen Elizabeth II Portrait in 1950s. Already 4 types of Queen Elizabeth II Portrait s are minted since then.
The coinage started with 9.5 gram copper of 30 mm Diameter then changed to Bronze, in 1980s the metal changed to Copper Plated Steel and the size is reduce to 3.5 grams in 1970s.
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